Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children
Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children
This week’s discussion board was about a case study on an underweight twelve-year-old girl whose parents were also underweight and what health issues and risks should the provider lookout for pertaining to this child. This assignment will also discuss and additional information that may be needed to further assess this case and questions that should be asked to parents to gather information on the child’s development and sensitivity issues she may have. Lastly, the discussion board will mention two strategies to encourage the patient and family to get to a healthy weight and ensure her health is improving.
Health Issues
When individuals are underweight there are some health concerns and issues that can…
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Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children
CASE STUDY: Severely underweight 12-year-old Hispanic girl with underweight parents who has been bullied in school just recently
When seeking to identify a patient’s health condition, advanced practice nurses can use a diverse selection of diagnostic tests and assessment tools; however, different factors affect the validity and reliability of the results produced by these tests or tools. Nurses must be aware of these factors in order to select the most appropriate test or tool and to accurately interpret the results.
Not only do these diagnostic tests affect adults, body measurements can provide a general picture of whether a child is receiving adequate nutrition or is at risk for health issues. These data, however, are just one aspect to be considered. Lifestyle, family history, and culture—among other factors—are also relevant. That said, gathering and communicating this information can be a delicate process. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
For this Assignment, you will consider the validity and reliability of different assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You will explore issues such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. You will also consider examples of children with various weight issues. You will explore how you could effectively gather information and encourage parents and caregivers to be proactive about their children’s health and weight.
To Prepare
- Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider factors that impact the validity and reliability of various assessment tools and diagnostic tests. You also will review examples of pediatric patients and their families as it relates to BMI.
- By Day 1 of this week, you will be assigned to one of the following Assignment options by your Instructor: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests (option 1), or Child Health Case (Option 2). Note: Please see the “Course Announcements” section of the classroom for your assignments from your Instructor.
- Search the Walden Library and credible sources for resources explaining the tool or test you were assigned. What is its purpose, how is it conducted, and what information does it gather? Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
- Also, as you search the Walden library and credible sources, consider what the literature discusses regarding the validity, reliability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, ethical dilemmas, and controversies related to the test or tool.
- If you are assigned Assignment Option 2 (Child), consider what health issues and risks may be relevant to the child in the health example.
- Based on the risks you identified, consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion.
- Consider how you could encourage parents or caregivers to be proactive toward the child’s health.
The Assignment
Assignment (3–4 pages, not including title and reference pages):
Assignment Option 1: Adult Assessment Tools or Diagnostic Tests:
Include the following:
- A description of how the assessment tool or diagnostic test you were assigned is used in healthcare.
- What is its purpose?
- How is it conducted?
- What information does it gather?
- Based on your research, evaluate the test or the tool’s validity and reliability, and explain any issues with sensitivity, reliability, and predictive values. Include references in appropriate APA formatting. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
Assignment Option 2: Child Health Case:
Include the following:
- An explanation of the health issues and risks that are relevant to the child you were assigned.
- Describe additional information you would need in order to further assess his or her weight-related health.
- Identify and describe any risks and consider what further information you would need to gain a full understanding of the child’s health. Think about how you could gather this information in a sensitive fashion. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
- Taking into account the parents’ and caregivers’ potential sensitivities, list at least three specific questions you would ask about the child to gather more information.
- Provide at least two strategies you could employ to encourage the parents or caregivers to be proactive about their child’s health and weight. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
Assessment Tools and Diagnostic Test in Adults and Children
This week’s discussion board was about a case study on an underweight twelve year old girl whose parents were also underweight and what health issues and risk should the provider look out for pertaining to this child. This assignment will also discuss and additional information that maybe needed to further assess this case and questions that should be asked to parents to gather information on the child’s development and sensitivity issues she may have. Lastly, the discussion board will mention two strategies to encourage the patient and family to get to a healthy weight and ensure her health is improving.
Health Issues
When individuals are underweight there are some health concern and issues that can impact their overall health and life span. This patient is underweight which causes concern for poor nutrition which will impact her growth and development, inability to fight off infections and illnesses as well as high risk for heart attacks and impaired thinking such as deceased concentration (Semba & Bloem, 2017). Another concern is that her parents are underweight as well which could suggest that their socioeconomic status is poor where they are not able to buy food or some form of genetic and diseases that affect the endocrine and digestive systems (Russo, 2017). Another factor that could contribute to her being underweight could be her mental health. She may have had a traumatic event take place to where she is ashamed of her body and controls her life through her weight, and eating disorder or she may be bullied at school and is depressed (Martin, et al., 2014).
Additional Information Needed
When realizing the health concerns and issues the information that is going to be needed is the nutritional factors for the family. What they eat, how often do they buy food and if they believe this is a healthy weight. The provider will need to gather the body mass index (BMI) for the patient as well as her family to gauge if they are healthy or underweight (Ball, et al., 2015). The formula for calculating BMI is to take the patients weight and divide it by her height. If the number is under 19.5 the patient is consider to have poor nutrition (Ball et al., 2015). Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
Three Targeted Questions
Looking at the case study and the information that is going to be needed to further investigate into the patient’s health history certain question will need to be asked. The three targeted questions the provider should ask the patient and parents are:
- How would you describe your weight? (CDC, 2017). This question will allow the provider to asses her mental health status on how she sees herself.
- Are your family member very slim as well? (Russo, 2017). This question will gather information on genetics being the possible factor to the provider (Russo, 2017).
- What do you typically eat within a 24 hour period?
Two Strategies to Encourage Proactivity
In order to promote an individual’s health, the first strategy is to educate the patient on their health and management. If the patient is not aware of the risk factors associated with their health history, family history and habits they will not succeed in positive outcomes regarding their health Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children. In this scenario nutrition education is needed (Gibbs & Chapman-Novakofski, 2012). This can include a nutrition consult, information about my plate which tells you the amount of servings needed for fruit, veggies and meat as well as what can happen when the body is not meeting the nutritional requirements. In order to promote education, the provider needs to know the health literacy of the patient. Most people read at a third grade level so understanding how your patient learns is essential in preparing a treatment or plan of care that the patient will follow and understand (Gibbs & Chapman-Novakofski, 2012).
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The second strategy to promote healthy eating is to advocate for the patient and supply her with resources that can help her acquire food if she is having a hard time meeting the need due to finances. Many government offices have WIC programs that can give the family vouchers to buy food that is needed to keep the body healthy and meet the plate guidelines for what percentage of carbs, protein and fats for healthy growth (Ball, et al., 2015) Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children.
Summary
In order to help your patient have a healthy lifestyle and know how to prevent health problems from occurring, the provider needs a detailed history and physical of the patient. Asking the right questions and understanding the patient’s background can also help the provider choose the correct treatment and medications. Establishing a good rapport with patients and their families are important so that they are open, honest and not fear judgement.
References
Ball, J. W., Dains, J. E., Flynn, J. A., Solomon, B. S., & Stewart, R. W. (2015). Seidel’s guide to physical examination (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children
CDC. (2017). Youth Risk Behaviors Surveillance System (YRBSS) Overview. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/overview.htm
Gibbs, H., & Chapman-Novakofski, K. (2012). Exploring nutritin literacy: Attention to assessment and the skills clients need. Retrieved from Health, 4(3), 120-124: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/health.2012.43019
Martin, B. C., Dalton, W. T., Williams, S. L., Slawson, D. L., Dunn, M. S., & Johns-Wommack, R. (2014). Weight Status Misperception as Related to Selected Health Risk Behaviors Among Middle School Students. Retrieved from Journal of School Health, 84(2), 116-123: doi:10.1111/josh.12128
Russo, J. (2017). What are the Causes of Underweight Children? Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/198981-what-are-the-causes-of-underweight-children/
Semba, R. D., & Bloem, M. W. (2017). Nutrition and Health in a Developing World (2nd ed.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Barry_Popkin/publication/225833386_The_Nutrition_Transition_and_Its_Relationship_to_Demographic_Change/links/54c7b36a0cf289f0cecd96c8/The-Nutrition-Transition-and-Its-Relationship-to-Demographic-Change.pdf#page=137 Case Study Assignment: Assessment Tools And Diagnostic Tests In Adults And Children